The Humboldt Penguin(Spheniscus humboldti) is classified in the avian order Sphenisciformes and family Spheniscidae. Humboldti refers to Alexander Van Humboldt who was a German naturalist and explorer.
Physical Characteristics
Adult Humboldt Penguins have a blackish back; the belly is white and the upper chest has a horseshoe shaped band that extends down from side to side. There is a bare pink band around the base of the bill which extends around each eye. There is a pale gray band around the bill near the tip. Most of the face is blackish with a white streak that is near the crown that extends down the body behind the horseshoe band. There is also a white streak that extends down the lower half of the body behind each wing and the bottom portion of the horseshoe band. The legs are blackish.
| Genus | Spheniscus |
| Species | S. humboldti |
| Binomial Name | Spheniscus humboldti |
| Length | 56-70cm(1’10.1”-2’3.6”) |
| Weight | 2.9-6kg(6.4-13.2 lbs.) |
| Diet | Carnivore |
| IUCN Status | vulnerable |
Range And Habitat
The Humboldt Penguin breeds in Chile and Peru. This species can also be seen in Colombia, Ecuador, and Alaska, U.S.A. Humboldt Penguins inhabit marine locations.
Breeding
Humboldt Penguins breed in colonies. The nest is typically a burrow dug in guano. Sometimes Humboldt Penguins nest in crevices near boulders. The duty of incubating the clutch of 2 eggs is shared by both parents. The eggs are incubated for 40 to 41 days.
Diet
Humboldt Penguins eat fish, crustaceans, and cephalopods.
Predators
Humboldt Penguins are preyed on by sharks, fur seals, and sea lions.
Fun Facts
- Humboldt Penguins can live for up to 31 years.
